Section 4 - Demonstrate Your Understanding

Species List

Along with your detailed description and final drawing (detailed below) you will need to show and describe many living elements in your design. This is the section to list these, so they can be referred to more easily elsewhere in the design and will not clutter your written description.

When listing a living element, be aware of what details provide clarity. You can say "comfrey" elsewhere, but this list is where you would note that you are referring to "Comfrey - Bocking 14 - Symphytum uplandicum", or in the case of several varietals your list can show "Apple - Malus domestica - varieties used: " and list those under apple itself.

If you are describing a guild in the detailed description then include a description of the guild in this list. Include the name of the guild (e.g. Apple Guild) followed by a list of what is in the guild so those details can be referenced without extra description in the writing or the final drawing below.

This is a section we want to be exhaustive with, to cover all your bases and not worry about how much space is required. Be thorough, and fill in the details and explanations which will be cited elsewhere in the FDE form. With that said, the way you organise and present the information in this list will determine how useful this list is to you later while implementing the design, or discussing it with clients and colleagues. It is a list, and a reference, not a free form writing section. LIst here, describe later.

Unlike the list of species already on your site from section 2b, this list should also include the species you are bringing in, designing with, and which make up the living systems of your design. This means it should be longer than the list from 2b, as it will include those species, formatted for this list, and also any other species you have incorporated in the design.

It is worth noting here that this list could be quite long, as it is one of the places where the diversity level of your design work will be immediately apparent.

If after reading the above you think you may not have enough species in this list, Consider what other plant species ubiquitous to your area might be beneficial to your design. Take this opportunity to consider how each might be woven into the rest of your design interactions as well.

If after reading the above you think you might have too many species in this list, make sure you are not listing species just for novelty's sake, or just because you know that species is mentioned in the course. Species in the list that aren't properly woven into the system will reduce the effectiveness of this tool for you and will overcomplicate the design when you being to implement it.

Add Your Species List Here:

Existing

Canopy

• Birch, White - Betula papyrifera - Existing

• Maple, Red - Acer rubrum - Existing

• Poplar, Balsam - Populus balsamifera - Existing

• Spruce, Black - Picea mariana - Existing

• Spruce, White - Picea glauca - Existing

• Tamarack, Hackmatack - Larix laricina - Existing

• Willow, Black - Salix nigra - Existing

• Willow, Beak - Salix Bebbiana - Existing

Understory

Alder, Speckled - Alnus rugosa - NF - Existing

Apple - Malus domestica - Wild with Yellow Transparent characteristics - Existing
Cherry, Bird or Pin - Prunus pensylvanica - Existing

Cherry, Black - Prunus serotina - Existing

Shrubs

Dogwood, Red-osier - Cornus sericea - Existing

Hawthorn - Crataegus succulenta - Existing

Raspberry, American Red - Rubus strigosus - Existing

Rose, Wild - Rosa carolina - Existing

Herbs

Burdock - Arctium lappa - Existing

Canada Goldenrod - Solidago canadensis - Existing

Chicory - Cichorium intybus - Existing

Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale - Existing

Hawkweed - Hieracium umbellatum - Existing

Mullein, Common - Verbascum thapsus - Existing

Thistle, Canada - Cirsium arvense - Existing

Ground Cover

Clover, Red - Trifolium pratense - NF - Existing

Plantain Plantago - major - Existing

Vetch, Tufted - Vicia cracca - NF - Existing

Roots

Queen Anne's Lace - Daucus carota - Existing

Vines

Aquatic

Cattail - Typha latifolia - Existing

Planting On Site

Canopy

Beak Willow

Beech

Black Ash

Black Walnut

Bur Oak

Korean Nut Pine

Pecan

Red Mulberry

Understory

American Wild Plum

Apple

Black Cherry

Pin Cherry

Speckled Alder

Shrubs

American Elder

Siberian Pea Shrub

American Hazel

American Red Raspberry

Haskap

Nannyberry

Sea-Buckthorn

Silverberry

Sweet Fern

Witch Hazel

Herbs

Ground Cover

Lowbush Blueberry

Bunchberry

Teaberry

Vines - Roots

Hopniss

Hog Peanut

Aquatic

American Water Lotus

Cattail

Sweet Flag

Yellow Pond Lily

Wild Rice

Propagating Plants

Canopy

Ash, White - Fraxinus americana

Ash, Black - Fraxinus nigra

Balsam Fir - Abies balsamea L.

Basswood - Tilia americana

Beech - Fagus grandifolia

Birch, Yellow - Betula alleghaniensis

Buartnut - Juglans x bisbyi

Butternut - Juglans cinerea

Cedar, Northern White - Thuja occidentalis

Fir, Balsam - Abies balsamea L.

Hemlock, Canadian - Tsuga canadensis

Hickory, Shagbark - Carya ovata

Hickory, Bitternut - Carya cordiformis

Hickory, Pignut - Carya glabra

Locust, Black - Robinia pseudoacacia - NF

Maple, Black - Acer saccharum nigrum

Maple, Silver - Acer saccharinum

Maple, Striped - Acer pensylvanicum

Maple, Sugar - Acer saccharum

Mulberry, Red - Morus rubra

Oak, Burr - Quercus macrocarpa

Oak, Chinkapin - Quercus muehlenbergii

Oak, Dwarf Chinkapin - Quercus prinoides

Oak, White - Quercus alba

Oak, Red - Quercus rubra

Oak, Rock Chestnut - Quercus prinus

Oak, Swamp White - Quercus bicolor

Oak, Scarlet - Quercus coccinea

Oak, Pin - Quercus palustris

Pecans - Carya illinoinensis

Persimmon, American - Diospyros virginiana

Pine, White - Pinus Strobus

Pine, Jack - Pinus banksiana

Pine, Korean Nut - Pinus koraiensis

Pine, Pitch - Pinus rigida

Pine, Red - Pinus resinosa

Poplar, American Aspen - Populus tremuloides

Poplar, Bigtooth Aspen - Populus grandidentata

Spruce, Red - Picea rubens

Walnut, Black - Juglans nigra

Walnut, Heartseed - Juglans ailanthifolia cordiformis

Understory

Apple - Malus domestica - Yellow Transparent

Ash, Mountain - Sorbus americana

Plum, American Wild - Prunus americana

Plum, Allegheny - Prunus alleghaniensis

Shrubs

Bayberry - Myrica pensylvanica - NF

Bearberry - Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

Blackberry - Rubus allegheniensis

Blackberry, Smooth - Rubus canadensis

Blueberry, Sourtop - Vaccinium myrtilloides

Chokeberry, Purple - Aronia prunifolia

Chokeberry, Black - Aronia melanocarpa

Chokecherry - Prunus virginiana

Cranberry, High Bush - Viburnum trilobum Marsh

Cranberry, Large - Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait

Currant, American Red - Ribes triste

Currant, Prickly - Ribes lacustre

Currant, Stream - Ribes oxyacanthoides

Dogwood, Creeping - Cornus canadensis

Elder, American - Sambucus canadensis L.

Elder, American Red - Sambucus pubens Michx.

Elder, American Red - Sambucus racemosa

Haskap - Lonicera caerulea

Hazel, Beaked - Corylus cornuta

Hazel, American - Corylus americana

Hazel, Hybrids - Corylus hybrids

Huckleberry, Black - Gaylussacia baccata

Juniper, Common - Juniperus communis megistocarpa

Labrador Tea - Ledum groenlandicum

Nannyberry - Viburnum lentago

New Jersey Tea - Ceanothus americanus - NF

Pea Shrubs - Caragana arborescens - NF

Raspberry, Dwarf Red - Rubus pubescens

Sea-Buckthorn - Hippophae rhamnoides - NF

Serviceberry - Amelanchier alnifolia

Silverberry - Elaeagnus commutata - NF

Snowberry - Gaultheria hispidula

Sumac, Staghorn - Rhus typhina

Sweet Fern - Comptonia peregrina - NF

Witch Hazel - Hamamelis virginiana

Herbs

Bloodroot - Sanguinaria canadensis

Boneset - Eupatorium perfoliatum

Buttercup - Ranunculus acris

Calendula - Calendula officinalis

Everlasting - Anaphalis margaritacea

Gold Thread - Coptis trifolia L.

Indian Hemp - Apocynum cannabinum

Indian Tobacco - Lobelia inflata

Lady's Slipper - Cypripedium acaule

Liquorice, American - Glycyrrhiza lepidota - NF

Lupine, Sundial - Lupinus perennis - NF

Meadow Beauty - Rhexia virginica

Milkweed, Common - Asclepias syriaca

Mint, American Wild - Mentha arvensis villosa

Nerve Root - Cypripedium calceolus pubescens

Northern Maidenhair - Adiantum pedatum

Oregano - Origanum vulgare

Pansy, Field - Viola pedata

Pitcher Plant - Sarracenia purpurea

Sorrel - Rumex acetosa

Stinging nettle - Urtica dioica

Sweet Grass - Hierochloe odorata

Wild Sarsaparilla - Aralia nudicaulis

Witch Grass - Panicum capillare

Yarrow - Achillea millefoliu

Yellow Rattle - Rhinanthus crista-galli

Ground Cover

Blue Flag - Iris versicolor

Blue Violet - Viola cucullata

Bunchberry - Cornus canadensis

Partridgeberry - Mitchella repens

Sphagnum Moss - Sphagnum

Strawberry - Fragaria virginiana

Teaberry - Gaultheria procumbens

Roots

Ginseng, American - Panax quinquefolius

Ginseng, Dwarf - Panax trifolius

Indian Turnip - Arisaema triphyllum

Ramps - Allium tricoccum

Vines

Grape, Fox - Vitis labrusca

Grape, Summer - Vitis aestivalis

Hopniss - Apios americana - NF

Hog Peanut - Amphicarpaea bracteata - NF

Horse Brier - Smilax rotundifolia

Kiwi Tara Vine - Actinidia arguta

Wild Grape - Vitis Riparia

Wild Potato Vine - Ipomoea pandurata

Nitrogen Fixers - 13

Alder, Speckled - Alnus rugosa

Bayberry - Myrica pensylvanica

Clover, Red - Trifolium pratense

Hopniss - Apios americana

Hog Peanut - Amphicarpaea bracteata

Liquorice, American - Glycyrrhiza lepidota

Locust, Black - Robinia pseudoacacia

Lupine, Sundial - Lupinus perennis

New Jersey Tea - Ceanothus americanus

Pea Shrubs - Caragana arborescens

Sea-Buckthorn - Hippophae rhamnoides

Silverberry - Elaeagnus commutata

Sweet Fern - Comptonia peregrina

Vetch, Tufted - Vicia cracca

Canopy

Ash, White - Fraxinus americana

Ash, Black - Fraxinus nigra

Balsam Fir - Abies balsamea L.

Basswood - Tilia americana

Beech - Fagus grandifolia

Birch, Yellow - Betula alleghaniensis

Buartnut - Juglans x bisbyi

Butternut - Juglans cinerea

Cedar, Northern White - Thuja occidentalis

Fir, Balsam - Abies balsamea L.

Hemlock, Canadian - Tsuga canadensis

Hickory, Shagbark - Carya ovata

Hickory, Bitternut - Carya cordiformis

Hickory, Pignut - Carya glabra

Locust, Black - Robinia pseudoacacia - NF

Maple, Black - Acer saccharum nigrum

Maple, Silver - Acer saccharinum

Maple, Striped - Acer pensylvanicum

Maple, Sugar - Acer saccharum

Mulberry, Red - Morus rubra

Oak, Burr - Quercus macrocarpa

Oak, Chinkapin - Quercus muehlenbergii

Oak, Dwarf Chinkapin - Quercus prinoides

Oak, White - Quercus alba

Oak, Red - Quercus rubra

Oak, Rock Chestnut - Quercus prinus

Oak, Swamp White - Quercus bicolor

Oak, Scarlet - Quercus coccinea

Oak, Pin - Quercus palustris

Pecans - Carya illinoinensis

Persimmon, American - Diospyros virginiana

Pine, White - Pinus Strobus

Pine, Jack - Pinus banksiana

Pine, Korean Nut - Pinus koraiensis

Pine, Pitch - Pinus rigida

Pine, Red - Pinus resinosa

Poplar, American Aspen - Populus tremuloides

Poplar, Bigtooth Aspen - Populus grandidentata

Spruce, Red - Picea rubens

Walnut, Black - Juglans nigra

Walnut, Heartseed - Juglans ailanthifolia cordiformis

Understory

Apple - Malus domestica - Yellow Transparent

Ash, Mountain - Sorbus americana

Plum, American Wild - Prunus americana

Plum, Allegheny - Prunus alleghaniensis

Shrubs - 39

Bayberry - Myrica pensylvanica - NF

Bearberry - Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

Blackberry - Rubus allegheniensis

Blackberry, Smooth - Rubus canadensis

Blueberry, Sourtop - Vaccinium myrtilloides

Chokeberry, Purple - Aronia prunifolia

Chokeberry, Black - Aronia melanocarpa

Chokecherry - Prunus virginiana

Cranberry, High Bush - Viburnum trilobum Marsh

Cranberry, Large - Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait

Currant, American Red - Ribes triste

Currant, Prickly - Ribes lacustre

Currant, Stream - Ribes oxyacanthoides

Dogwood, Creeping - Cornus canadensis

Elder, American - Sambucus canadensis L.

Elder, American Red - Sambucus pubens Michx.

Elder, American Red - Sambucus racemosa

Haskap - Lonicera caerulea

Hazel, Beaked - Corylus cornuta

Hazel, American - Corylus americana

Hazel, Hybrids - Corylus hybrids

Huckleberry, Black - Gaylussacia baccata

Juniper, Common - Juniperus communis megistocarpa

Labrador Tea - Ledum groenlandicum

Nannyberry - Viburnum lentago

New Jersey Tea - Ceanothus americanus - NF

Pea Shrubs - Caragana arborescens - NF

Raspberry, Dwarf Red - Rubus pubescens

Sea-Buckthorn - Hippophae rhamnoides - NF

Serviceberry - Amelanchier alnifolia

Silverberry - Elaeagnus commutata - NF

Snowberry - Gaultheria hispidula

Sumac, Staghorn - Rhus typhina

Sweet Fern - Comptonia peregrina - NF

Witch Hazel - Hamamelis virginiana

Herbs - 33

Bloodroot - Sanguinaria canadensis

Boneset - Eupatorium perfoliatum

Buttercup - Ranunculus acris

Calendula - Calendula officinalis

Everlasting - Anaphalis margaritacea

Gold Thread - Coptis trifolia L.

Indian Hemp - Apocynum cannabinum

Indian Tobacco - Lobelia inflata

Lady's Slipper - Cypripedium acaule

Liquorice, American - Glycyrrhiza lepidota - NF

Lupine, Sundial - Lupinus perennis - NF

Meadow Beauty - Rhexia virginica

Milkweed, Common - Asclepias syriaca

Mint, American Wild - Mentha arvensis villosa

Nerve Root - Cypripedium calceolus pubescens

Northern Maidenhair - Adiantum pedatum

Oregano - Origanum vulgare

Pansy, Field - Viola pedata

Pitcher Plant - Sarracenia purpurea

Sorrel - Rumex acetosa

Stinging nettle - Urtica dioica

Sweet Grass - Hierochloe odorata

Wild Sarsaparilla - Aralia nudicaulis

Witch Grass - Panicum capillare

Yarrow - Achillea millefoliu

Yellow Rattle - Rhinanthus crista-galli

Groundcover - 10

Blueberry, Lowbush - Vaccinium angustifolium

Blue Flag - Iris versicolor

Blue Violet - Viola cucullata

Bunchberry - Cornus canadensis

Partridgeberry - Mitchella repens

Sphagnum Moss - Sphagnum

Strawberry - Fragaria virginiana

Teaberry - Gaultheria procumbens

Roots - 5

Ginseng, American - Panax quinquefolius

Ginseng, Dwarf - Panax trifolius

Indian Turnip - Arisaema triphyllum

Ramps - Allium tricoccum

Vines - 4

Grape, Fox - Vitis labrusca

Grape, Summer - Vitis aestivalis

Hopniss - Apios americana - NF

Hog Peanut - Amphicarpaea bracteata - NF

Horse Brier - Smilax rotundifolia

Kiwi Tara Vine - Actinidia arguta

Wild Grape - Vitis Riparia

Wild Potato Vine - Ipomoea pandurata

Aquatic - 7

Lily, Yellow Pond - Nuphar advena

Lily, Water - Nymphaea odorata

Lotus, Water - Nelumbo lutea

Reed, Common - Phragmites australis

Skunk Cabbage - Symplocarpus foetidus

Sweet Flag - Acorus calamus

Wild Rice - Zizania aquatica

Garden

Potatoes

Carrots

Melons

Spinach

Kale

Beets

Cucumbers

Zucchini

Rosemary

Cilantro

Parsley

Peas

Peppers

Lambsquarter

Protein

Aquatic

American Eel - Anguilla rostrata

Banded Killifish, Fundulus diaphanous

Blacknose Dace, Rhinichthys atratulus

Brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus

Burbot, Lota lota

Fallfish, Semotilus corporalis

Golden Shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas

Mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus

Ninespine Stickleback, Pungitius pungitius

Pearl Dace, Semotilus margarita

White Sucker; Catostomus commersoni

Rabbits

Silver Fox Breed - Meat & Fur - 2 bucks, 6 does to start.

The Detailed Description

(1,000 - 1,500 words)

Details, connections, function stacking, patterning, if the other sections of the design form have not allowed you to sufficiently explain these for your design, this is the section to do so.

Use this section as the capstone of how you will demonstrate the depth of your understanding of the concepts we have discussed in the course by explaining the connections and interactions which exist within your design. Describe how the design solutions proposed meet the goals for the design set out at the beginning of this process. This written portion serves as an accompaniment to the final design drawing below and also serves as the functional connection between all your other answers, maps, and data on this form. If there are loose ends, this is where you tie them up, this is where it all needs to come together.

Much of your work so far has been discussing the WHAT of your design. This section invites you to discuss the HOW and the WHY of your design work, while also presenting additional details about the site and your design in a way that will illustrate to the reader exactly what they need to understand about how that design and the systems it includes work.

1,500 words is not a hard limit, write more if you feel it is needed, but as part of making this writing a useful tool in your finished design remember that this form produces a document that should be presentable to the client, and one which serves as an aid to discussion with colleagues. In such a conversation the goal is to get the necessary concepts expressed, and move on to the rest of the conversation quickly and productively.

If you are struggling with being greatly over 1,500 words, look for details you've written in this section that might be better moved to another portion of the form so it can be omitted from the detailed description. You can also look for opportunities to remove explanations or definitions that would be needed for the client but the course staff will be more familiar with.

If you are struggling with not having enough to say in this section, think carefully about what we are asking for. If you do not have enough connections between elements and systems throughout your design to allow for you to do what we ask for in this space, you may need to increase the complexity of your design and increase the number of such designers to both understand and create interconnected interwoven systems that makes permaculture different from edible landscaping.

Add Your Detailed Description Here:

The existing situation of the property has its own designs which were built to move water off the property as quickly as possible.

As it was a full service petrol station with lots of parking for restaurant guests and parking for vehicles that were being serviced, there was zero desire for any useful vegetation, water capturing, or sustainabilty anywhere in the whole system of the property.

Even the building was designed with only a few main requirements. It is a very strong building, with steel beams, concrete floor, concrete block walls, and lots of windows. The water source is a drilled well. The well is very good and even during peak use when the building was an active restaurant on a major highway, the well never ran dry.

There is practically zero insulation in the building. It seems as if it was designed to burn as much fossil fuel as possible to keep it warm in the winter. Most of the windows are single pane glass and are only on the west and north sides of the building.

Even where there is no pavement on the property, what soil is there is thin and weak. The soil samples seem to dictate that this property had all its soil removed. Then gravel seemed to be spread over the entire surface. Where lawn was desired seems to have been accomplished by rolling out turf.

What vegetation there is does not appear to be growing vigorously. On the borders of the property, there are some trees struggling to thrive. Water retention on the land is non-existent.

Therefore, the design for this property seeks to significantly improve the water holding abilities through the use of several simple, inexpensive techniques.

Near the border that has the highest elevation, a canal is planned. This will hold a great deal of water that flows onto the property from the hill to the east. The canal will provide a place to raise fish and aquatic plants. It will also provide a land/water interface to allow an increase of biodiversity and abundance as well as oxygenation duties. This captured water will also be utilised for irrigation and be available for fire suppression for the biochar manufacturing facility.

The main building itself will have a new metal roof installed with gutters that capture water and direct it indoors to cisterns. This will provide potable water for people that use the building as well as for any tasks that require potable water. The indoor cisterns will have a secondary duty as temperature buffers inside the building.

Water that overflows the canals, overflows the cisterns, and falls on the lower elevations will be directed to swales. These swales will provide a third technique of capturing water and putting it to good use growing trees, bushes, vines, groundcover, and root species.

The flow will be directed to the swales by installing water directing "speed bumps" on the pavement.

The existing land design is all about access. There's nearly unlimited access to all parts of the property with a large percentage of the land paved. Much of this existing access will be re-purposed, leaving only enough access to reach important areas of the property. A small parking area will be retained, most of the current access will be blocked off by new structures. Only as much access as is needed will be retained.

As unappealling as the pavement is for growing plants and building soil, the hard surface will make it easier to perform many of the tasks that will help to grow plants and create soil.

The existing building will be retained. It will be modified by adding a sunroom to the south wall. This sunroom will be for providing free heat to the building as well as a place to propagate plants. Additional heat for the cold months will be provided by a pair of rocket mass heaters, one at the southwest corner and one at the northwest corner. These will be fueled by abundant waste stick fuel available from local landscaping companies and forestry service companies. All west and north facing windows will be removed and replaced with insulated walls. The existing septic system will be deactivated. Compost toilets will be installed. Grey water tanks will be installed and their liquid will be periodically spread along the swale system. No products, chemicals, or any other components other than good soaps will be allowed to make it into the grey water system.

Semi-detached greenhouses/hoop houses will be constructed to create more propagation space. As this property will be devoted to nursery tasks to provide perennial plants for other permaculture designs, nearly all the space on the land will be devoted to one propagation task or another.

A sand bed against the shaded northern wall of the main building will be used for rooting cuttings. A cold room in the building will be used for stratifying seed. Many square meters of the current pavement will be covered in potted plants. Some of the pavement will be transformed into a biochar production facility. Some of the pavement will be turned into a sheet-mulch garden.

As it is expected that the propagation of plants may produce some edible products, a rabbit shed will be placed against the eastern wall of the building. This will turn surplus vegetation into protein, fur, and manure.

A portion of the pavement will also be used to create compost in the manner described in the course as "18 Day Compost". Resources will be brought in to create the compost. There is an abundant supply of resources for compost creation very near to the property.

Soil components will be built on-site using biochar, vegetation, compost, and sheet mulch. As the main function of this property is to propagate plants for "other" permaculture projects, it is understood that the components for building soil will need to come from exterior supplies. This will be accomplished by encouraging components be dropped off on the property by excavation contractors looking to dispose of useful fill, landscaping/tree surgeons looking to dispose of branches & vegetation, and local restaurants looking to dispose of food waste. This storage of soil building components will be designated to be adjacent to the biochar production facilities.

The complimentary task on this property to the propagation of plants for permaculture projects will be the promotion and education of people in the field of Permaculture Design and application.

The main building will have space for a small classroom. Permaculture techniques will be in evidence throughout the site, from the canal to the swales to the compost creation to the rainwater storage to the sunroom to the propagation techniques to the small scale livestock (rabbits & fish).

The sheet mulch garden bed created directly on pavement adjacent to the sunroom will demonstrate that soil can be built anywhere if the right tasks are performed. This sheet mulch garden will be populated with common garden species that are popular to traditional gardeners. While most of the efforts of this property will be devoted to perennial food forest production, this garden of annual varieties will show that permaculture can provide the food that is traditionally consumed by gardeners in the region.

This garden will also provide a great deal of the food for the rabbit shed.

Piece by piece, the property will demonstrate permaculture techniques that are appropriate for the region.

By having a large number of regionally appropriate species either grown permanently on the site or available from propagation efforts in the growing areas throughout the site, it is expected that this property will serve as a catalyst for the adoption of Permaculture in the local area.

The vegetation to be planted will consist of long rows of willows along the north boundary and along the western ditch interspersed with nitrogen fixing alders. These plants will help to buffer the winds from the north. This planting, like nearly all planting on the site, will be very dense, allowing for thinning as the plants mature.

The downward slopes of the swales will be planted densely with nut, fruit, and nitrogen fixing plants. The upward slopes of the swales will have berry producing groundcover and berry and nut producing bushes.

Along the canal will be planted hazels, plums, and mulberries.

Elsewhere on the property, nut bearing canopy trees will be planted where appropriate, as shown in the provided maps.

In the canal, some aquatic plants will be placed along with some local pond fish that are appropriate for this rather still water. Not specified are the millions of species that will be added to this pond by harvesting pond mud from natural ponds close by. Although this canal should be able to generate a fair amount of oxygenation due to the high ratio of edge to area, additional oxygenation techniques may be added in the future if required. The canal will be the most enjoyable addition to this whole design. So many experiments will take place here. Eventually, a demonstration narrowboat style canal boat will be floated in this channel for "on the water" living.

Final Drawing(s) Guidelines

Files should be in JPEG format and ideally less than 4MB in size.

This image should clearly illustrate and label mappable placement details of the design which have not yet been addressed on another map. Because of the thoroughness of your other maps, most of the important information for this one will be planting positions and the arrangement of systems. Be sure to include a clear legend for meaningful symbols used, and as with your other maps, this one may also benefit from being completed in different sections, on multiple pages, or with additional detailed drawings to show proper levels of complexity and provide you with enough space to show everything without overcrowding.

As part of making this map a useful tool, using different colours for different portions of the image will be helpful. While there is a temptation with these maps to make everything a shade of green, sometimes a different colour (or the "wrong" shade of green) will serve better so that the map is easier to parse visually.

For this map, showing individual plantings of single small plants is almost always too much, but often for all but the largest sites depicting most of the trees and shrubs at reasonable scale is possible, and will help the client understand placement well.

In the end, this map should be detailed enough to walk around the completed site and find specific species, guilds, or installations without using any of the other maps while also providing the information needed to create an estimate of how many plants are needed in the design, especially of the larger trees. If an element cannot literally be counted on the map (like the large trees) it should still be possible to calculate quantities needed by using this map and your planting descriptions or guild detail sheets to formulate exactly how many of the smaller plants will be needed for installation.

Remember:

• As a tool, this map needs to convey its visual information clearly.

• This map should be accurate and detailed enough to assist in estimating plants needed to install.

• Connections, loose ends, and interactions throughout the design more easily depicted graphically than through writing should be easily seen and understood.

• Detail drawings, which focus on a smaller portion of the overall site at a different scale may be the best way to illustrate how some systems are planted, rather than trying to fit them all on a whole-site scope map.

Do not include:

• Contour data

• Site design details which have appeared on another map.

• Redundant labels for things already labelled and visible on another map.

• Anything that makes it harder to read, find, or see, the details required for this map as described above.

Plant Quantity List

Using the total list of species you prepared here in section 4 and your final drawing which presents the placement of your living elements, quantify the plants that will need to be acquired (i.e., grown, split, propagated, purchased, moved, or otherwise sourced) in order to realise this design in reality.

Plants already in place can be counted but noted as already being on site. This does not mean you must account for every wild tree in Zone 5, but the large mulberry (for example) in the middle of Zone 1 should be in the list and presented as "in place".

It should be noted that this is not just a place to copy/paste your species list, and you need not go into the same level of detail as in the species list. A name to differentiate each plant from the others and a quantity needed will be enough.

This is also an opportunity to format or organise this list in way that will help you later, with divisions by zone, or guild, or even categories like niche, or types of yield. Like in may other times previously on the FDE form, you are creating a tool here which can save you time later if you prepare it well today.

Think carefully before writing here that you have "all the plants needed" or present a list that is much too short. This task utilises the very same skills required to properly quote a job to a customer, and to put into correct perspective the scope of the installation task implementing the whole design will be. It behooves you to fully exercise those skills and take this final step of the FDE form seriously.

Add Your Plant Quantity List Here:

Water Layer

10 - Water Lotus

20 - Cattail

26 - Sweet Flag

42 - Yellow Pond Lily

Seed for 30 square meters - Wild Rice

Root Layer

0 - Later

Groundcover Layer

2000 - Lowbush Blueberry

2000 - Bunchberry

2500 - Teaberry

Herb Layer

0 - Later

Vine Layer

38 - Hopniss

16 - Hog Peanut

Shrub Layer

6 - American Elder

88 - American Hazel

26 - American Red Raspberry

12 - Haskap

12 - Nannyberry

17 - Sea Buckthorn

34 - Siberian Pea Shrub

12 - Silverberry

28 - Sweet Fern

6 - Witch Hazel

Understory Layer

10 - American Wild Plum

4 - Apple

4 - Black Cherry

11 - Pin Cherry

47 - Speckled Alder

Canopy Layer

240 - Beak Willow

4 - Beech

7 - Black Ash

2 - Black Walnut

2 - Bur Oak

2 - Korean Nut Pine

3 - Pecan

11 - Red Mulberry